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Giovanni Bellini
(1430-1516 Venice) Italian Oil Painting Artist Biography.
Giovanni Bellini is the founder of the Venetian school of painting, raised Venice to a center of Renaissance art that rivaled Florence and Rome. He brought to painting a new degree of realism, a new wealth of subject matter and a new sensuousness in form and color, for this he is one of the worlds artist.
Giovanni Bellini was born in Venice, Italy about 1430. Little is known about his family. His father, a painter, was a pupil of one of the leading 15th century Gothic revival artists. Giovanni and his brother, Gentile Bellini probably began their careers as assistants in their father's Jacopo Bellini workshop.
In his early oil paintings, Bellini worked with tempera, combining a severe and rigid style with a depth of religious feeling and gentle humanity. These personal components of Bellini's style, which became fundamental to the character of Venetian Renaissance painting as a whole, found expanded scope in his painting of the 1470s. Flemish painting and Antonello da Messina's paintings in 1475, showed Bellini the possibilities of the oil medium, which he used from then on in place of tempera. From the beginning he was a painter of natural light. In his earliest oil paintings, the sky is often reflected behind human figures in streaks of water that make horizontal lines in narrow strips of landscape. The Agony in the Garden was the first of a series of Venetian landscape scenes that continued to develop for the next century. Four triptychs (a triptych is a set of three panels used as an altarpiece) in the Venice Academia and two Pietas, both in Milan, are all from this period. Bellini's St. Vincent Ferrer altarpiece, which is still in the church of Santi Giovanni de Paolo in Venice, was painted in the mid-1470s.
In his later artwork, Bellini achieved a unique religious and emotional unity of expression. His method of using oil paint brought not only a greater maturity but an individual style. He achieved a certain richness by layering colors in new and varied ways in his religious Christian artwork.
In 1479 Bellini took his brother's place in continuing the painting of great historical paintings in the Hall of the Great Council in Venice. During that year and the next he devoted his time and energy to this project, painting six or seven new oil paint canvases. These, his greatest works, were destroyed by fire in 1577.
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Agony in the Garden
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Christ Supported by Two Angels
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